Which statement describes leakage?

• A. The total spending by households
• B. The savings, taxes and import spending that remove spending from the circular flow of income
• C. The government budget deficit
• D. The central bank's interest rate policy

Answer: (B)

Leakage in the circular flow of income means money that leaves the spending stream and isn’t used to buy domestic goods and services. It happens when households save part of their income, when taxes are taken by the government, and when spending goes on imports rather than domestic products. Each of these withdrawals reduces current domestic demand, which can lower overall economic activity unless offset by injections like investment, government spending, or exports. So the statement that describes leakage is the one that names the savings, taxes and import spending that remove spending from the circular flow of income. The other options describe overall spending, fiscal position, or monetary policy, not the withdrawal from the spending loop.