Which concept is calculated by adding Consumption, Investment, Government spending and Exports and subtracting Imports?

• A. Injections
• B. Final Goods
• C. Equilibrium
• D. Aggregate Demand

Answer: (D)

Aggregate Demand is the total amount of spending on domestically produced goods and services in an economy at a given price level and period. The formula AD = C + I + G + X − M shows how different sectors contribute to that spending: consumption by households (C), investment by businesses (I), government spending (G), and exports to foreign buyers (X). Imports (M) are subtracted because they represent spending on goods produced abroad, not domestic output, so net exports (X − M) reflect the demand for a country’s own goods and services. This is why the combination of C, I, G, and X minus M directly measures aggregate demand. If you think of alternative ideas, final goods describe what is produced for use, and equilibrium is a state where overall supply and demand balance—not a sum of components.