The economic problem

• A. It is driven solely by technological progress.
• B. It is solved by increasing imports.
• C. It is unaffected by scarcity.
• D. The economy's finite resources are insufficient to satisfy society's infinite wants and needs. It is a problem of scarcity and it is a problem of choice.

Answer: (D)

The economic problem arises because resources like land, labour, and capital are finite, while people’s wants and needs are unlimited. With limited resources, society must make choices about what to produce, how to produce it, and who receives the goods and services. Each choice means giving up something else, an idea economists call opportunity cost. Technology can make production more efficient and expand what’s possible, but it doesn’t erase scarcity; it just changes the trade-offs. Relying on imports to meet demand doesn’t remove the underlying constraint of finite resources. So the statement that best captures the issue is that the economy’s finite resources are insufficient to satisfy society’s infinite wants and needs, and it is a problem of scarcity and choice.