How is unemployment measured and what are frictional, structural, and cyclical unemployment?

• A. Unemployment rate = unemployed / labour force × 100; frictional = short-term between jobs; structural = mismatch of skills or locations; cyclical = related to business cycles.
• B. Unemployment rate = employed / labour force × 100; frictional is long-term; structural seasonal; cyclical random.
• C. Unemployment rate = unemployed / total population × 100; frictional permanent; structural seasonal; cyclical long-term.
• D. Unemployment rate determined by government policy; frictional occurs when workers refuse jobs; structural natural; cyclical seasonal.

Answer: (A)